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A live dengue virus type 2 (dengue-2)
vaccine (PR-159/S-1) was ìtested for reactogenicity
and immunogenicity in a placebo- controlled, double-blind
clinical trial involving 98 soldiers. Seroconversion
rates based on the development of neutralizing antibody
to dengue-2 were 90% in 70 recipients with immunity
to yellow fever and 61% in 28 vaccinees without such
immunity (P less than .01). Peak titers of neutralizing
antibody were three times higher in recipients with
antibody to yellow fever virus and persisted in most
for at least 18 months. Individuals seroconverting to
the vaccine virus more frequently experienced systemic
symptoms than those who received placebo (P less than
.02). Future users of this dengue-2 vaccine may wish
to employ immunization schedules that include preliminary
immunization against yellow fever and must be prepared
to accept mild vaccine- related symptoms in some recipients.
Bancroft, W. H., K. H. Eckels, et
al. (1986). Human Responses to Live Candidate Dengue
Vaccines. Virus Vaccines in Asian Countries. K. Fukai.
Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press: 169-175.
Bancroft, W. H. (1987). "Current
status of dengue vaccines and prospects for the future."
P.R.Health Sci.J. 6(1): 23-26.
Dengue vaccine development is complicated by the existence
of four viral serotypes, the lack of in vitro assays
of virulence for humans and the lack of an animal model
for assessing viral attenuation. Experience gained from
human testing shows that the in vitro phenotypic growth
characteristics used for selecting candidate dengue
viruses do not always correlate with lack of pathogenicity
in vivo. While testing continues on live, attenuated,
viral strains, alternative dengue vaccine products produced
as recombinant subunit vaccines are being sought.
Banerjee, K. (1967). "Evaluation
of the effect of fresh serum factor in the neutralization
of dengue viruses." Indian J.Med.Res. 55: 405-410.
Banerjee, K. (1969). "Observations
on certain biological markers of dengue viruses. (with
a note on the relationship between virus dose and survival
time in mice)." Indian J.Med.Res. 57(7): 1165-1180.
Bang, Y. H. (1985). "Integrated
management of urban mosquito vectors of human diseases."
J.Commun.Dis. 17: 1-14.
Baraff, L. J., J. W. Bass, et al.
(1993). "Practice Guidline for the Management of
Infants and Children 0 to 36 Months of Age With Fever
Without Source." Pediatrics 92: 1-12.
Barardi, C. R., M. Tanaka, et al.
(1991). "Partial sequence analysis of type 1 dengue
virus coding for the nonstructural hydrophilic protein
NS-3." Braz.J.Med.Biol.Res. 24: 559-562.
A complementary DNA copy of DEN-1 RNA was synthesized
using reverse transcriptase and a random primer. The
double-stranded DNA copy was cloned at the Sma I site
of the pUC13 vector and was used to transform Escherichia
coli JM83. Among the transformants selected for characterization
by nucleotide sequence analysis, we report
 
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