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human volunteers inoculated with dengue 2 (16681) passaged 53 times in primary dog kidney cells. Arbovirus Research in Australia-Proceedings 4th Symposium, Brisbane, Australia., CSIRO Tropical Animal Science.

Bhamarapravati, N., S. Yoksan, et al. (1987). "Immunization with a live attenuated dengue-2-virus candidate vaccine (16681-PDK 53): clinical, immunological and biological responses in adult volunteers." Bull.World Health Organ. 65: 189-195.

Bhamarapravati, N. (1989). "Hemostatic defects in dengue hemorrhagic fever." Rev.Infect.Dis. 11(Suppl 4): S826-S829.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is characterized by a sudden onset of fever that lasts for 2-7 days and then subsides, at which time hemorrhagic manifestations become evident. Sometimes there is an associated form of hypovolemic shock known as dengue shock syndrome. There are usually significant changes in the liver, the reticuloendothelial system, and the vascular system (e.g., necrosis of liver cells and focal hemorrhage, increase in turnover of lymphocytes, and diapedesis of erythrocytes through vessel walls). Because of the lack of pathologic findings in major organs and the rapid recovery (without sequelae) of survivors, physiologic dysfunction is thought to be secondary to the action of biologic mediators that are capable of producing severe illness with minimal structural injury.

Bhamarapravati, N. and S. Yoksan (1989). "Study of bivalent dengue vaccine in volunteers." Lancet 1: 1077.

Bhamarapravati, N. (1990). "International symposium on dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Introduction." Southeast Asian J.Trop.Med.public Health 21(4): 634-635.

Bhoopat, L., N. Bhamarapravati, et al. (1996). "Immunohistochemical characterization of a new monoclonal antibody reactive with dengue virus-infected cells in frozen tissue using immunoperoxidase technique." Asian.Pac.J.Allergy Immunol. 14(2): 107-13.
This paper presents a novel monoclonal antibody shown to react with cytoplasmic antigens in various dengue infected human frozen organs from autopsy and necropsy specimens. Strong reactivity was found in hematopoietic cells, including immunoblasts, lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages of spleen, lymph node, lung, kidney and stomach. Strikingly, strong positivity was demonstrated in cerebral cortex neurones, Purkinje cells, choroid plexus and blood vessels in addition to astrocytes and microglia. Neurotropism of the virus could explain the meningitis, encephalitis, mononeuropathy and polyneuropathy observed by direct toxicity, but noted especially after an activation of mononuclear phagocytes and amplification of the immune response with subsequent vascular inflammation and formation of immune complexes.

Biedrzycka, A., M. R. Cauchi, et al. (1987). "Characterization of protease cleavage sites involved in the formation of the envelope glycoprotein and three non-structural proteins of dengue virus type 2, New Guinea C strain." J.Gen.Virol. 68: 1317-1326.
Amino terminal sequences of the envelope protein E and the three largest